Difference between revisions of "Falkland Palace"

From Falkland Historic Buildings
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
(53 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; background-color:white; width:310px;"
+
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; width:360px; margin-left:10px;"
 +
! colspan="2" | Building summary
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Building details
+
| colspan="2" style="text-align: center;" | [[File:Falkland Palace 12.jpg|340px]] View from the High Street
−
|-  
 
−
| [[File:Falkland Palace 12.jpg|300px]]
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Name''': Falkland Palace
+
| style="width:50%"| '''Name''' || Falkland Palace
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Address''': High Street, Falkland
+
| '''Address'''|| High Street, Falkland
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Postcode''': KY15 7BY
+
| '''Postcode'''|| KY15 7BY
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Other names''':
+
| '''Date'''|| 15th century
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Date''': 15th century
+
| '''Architect''' || John Kinross et al.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''OS Grid Reference''': NO253074
+
| '''See maps''' || [[Map T]] (1), [[Map D]] (32)
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Latitude & longitude''': 56°15'13"N 3°12'23"W
+
| '''OS grid ref''' || NO 25344 07454
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Listing''': Category A
+
| '''Latitude & longitude'''|| 56°15'13"N 3°12'23"W
 
|-
 
|-
−
| '''Listing reference''': LB8798
+
| '''what3words''' || [https://what3words.com///revolts.templates.host ///revolts.templates.host]
−
|-  
+
|-
−
| '''Listing name''': South Range of Falkland Palace including adjoining gatehouse to west and Cross House within east range, and excluding scheduled monument SM854, Falkland Palace, Falkland
+
! colspan=3 |HES listing details<ref>For the full listing description, see [http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB8798 http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB8798]</ref>
 +
|-
 +
| '''Category:''' || A
 +
|-
 +
| '''Reference  || LB8798 (as listed bulding; also SM854 as scheduled monument)
 +
|-
 +
| '''Date:''' || 01/02/1972; amended 27/06/2017
 +
|-
 +
| colspan=2 |'''Address/Site Name'''
 +
South Range of Falkland Palace including adjoining gatehouse to west and Cross House within east range, and excluding scheduled monument SM854, Falkland Palace, Falkland  
 +
|-
 +
| colspan=2 |'''Description'''
 +
 
 +
The present palace was begun by James II. In the 16th century the Bethunes of Creich became hereditary keepers, the keepership passing by marriage to David Viscount Murray of Stormont who built a house on the site of the original castle early in the 17th century, long ago demolished; the keepership passed from the Murrays to the Earl of Atholl during the Commonwealth; and thence to the Dukes of Atholl; acquired 1787 by Skene of Pitlour, and thence by marriage to the Moncrieffs of the Myres; in 1820 General George Moncrieff disposed of it to Professor John Bruce whose niece brought it to O Tyndall Bruce who repaired the much neglected south quarter and gatehouse in 1840; acquired from the Bruces 1887 by the 3rd Marquess of Bute: to Lord Ninian Crichton Stuart 1900, to Major Michael Crichton Stuart 1915; National Trust Deputy Keeper 1952. [...]
 +
|-
 +
|colspan=2 |'''Statement of special interest'''
 +
Items 1-8 and 10-13 and 16B group with items 1-104 in Falkland Burgh. SCHEDULED MONUMENT. [...]
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
'''Falkland Palace''' is a former palace of the Kings and Queens of Scotland.
+
__NOTOC__
−
==Listing description==
+
'''Falkland Palace''' is a former palace of the Kings and Queens of Scotland in [[Falkland High Street]]. Parts of the palace (the South Range and the Cross House) form a Category A listed Building. The remainder of the palace (excludng the [[Royal tennis court and stables|Royal Stables and Real Tennis Court]]) constitutes a Scheduled Monument.
−
3-sided quadrangular structure comprising orginally:-
 
  
−
NORTH QUARTER:- Mid 15th century: contained great hall, evidently similar in plan form to hall at Stirling. Renovated from 1502, burnt 1654; only foundations remain.
+
The [[Chapel Royal]] within the Palace is used on Sundays for Roman Catholic masses; a door in the wall, between the Palace and the gift shop, gives access for this purpose.
  
−
EAST QUARTER:- Circa 1500-12, 3-storey with vaulted ground floor; courtyard facade recast from 1537, John Merlioun, original rubble work left exposed, 6-bay treatment with Corinthian columned buttresses and roundels to match south range work by Nicholas Roy and Moses Martin; 'dovecot' circular stair tower at NE. Vaulted ground floor and
+
The [[Visitor Centre]] has a separate entrane facing the High Street.
  
−
courtyard facade less dormerheads survive intact, remainder much ruined.
+
''This entry to be further expanded.''
  
−
CROSS HOUSE:- Circa 1500-12, rectangular tower at centre east front of above, rectangular plan with circular stair turret at NE; rebuilt from 1st floor level upwards 1890s except for stair turret which had largely survived: decoration of King James V room, W Schomberg Scott and David McClure.
+
==Cross House==
 +
The '''Cross House''' or '''Croce House''' (not to be confused with [[Cross House]] in Falkland High Street) adjoins the ruined East Range. It was built in 1529&ndash;92 and restored by [[John Kinross]] in the 1890s.<ref>[[Gifford, Fife|Gifford, ''Fife'']], page 215.</ref>
 +
:"The cross-house's first-floor room was fitted up as the King's bedroom in 1956 by [[W. Schomberg Scott]], the walls and ceiling painted (by [[David McClure]]) in a parody of early C17 work."<ref>[[Gifford, Fife|Gifford, ''Fife'']], page 216.</ref>
  
−
SOUTH QUARTER:- Originally Circa 1501-12. 3-storey and attic (tall 2nd floor containing chapel), vaulted ground floor, northern lean-to corridor. Completely refaced in ashlar 1537-41; Thomas French and James Black 1538-9, 6-bay late gothic south front, niched buttresses with statuary by Peter Flemishman, square-headed 2-light windows 2nd floor, rich corbelled and crenellated parapet. Nicholas Roy and Moses Martin 1540-41, north courtyard facade, corinthian columned buttresses and roundels with busts, mullioned and transomed 2nd floor windows, segmentally pedimented dormers, details of Loire School; chapel ceiling with painted decoration 1633; original wooden screen, Royal Pew reconstructed on model of that at Scone incorporating fragments of original Falkland one. Gate House (Foirentre and tower, Captain's Chambers). John Brownhill and Henry Bawte completed 1539-41 evidently incorporating earlier work. 3-storey with crenellated parapet and cap house, pend entry flanked on south by round towers; corridor on north side left unbuilt. Ashlar except at site of corridor. Panel embellishments added in 1893-6 restoration.
+
==Former residents==
  
−
RESTORATIONS: considerably and in part altered c 1840, presumably under supervision of William Burn, for O Tyndall Bruce; Burn's alterations largely removed, extensive restorations and repairs inside and out, John Kinross from 1893 onwards, chiefly 1893-6; elaborate painted decoration based on the paintings of David Scott by Thomas Bonnar 1895-6, interior fittings from Bute workshops at Cardiff.
+
==Further references==
−
 
+
"C16 early Renaissance showpiece created by James IV and James VI. In 1723 John Macky thought its courtyard 'the beautifullest Piece of Architecture in Britain. [...]"<ref>[[Gifford, Fife|Gifford, ''Fife'']], page 212. The full entry continues for five more pages, including a second-floor plan.</ref>
−
Items 1-8 and 10-13 and 16B group with items 1-104 in Falkland Burgh. SCHEDULED MONUMENT. The present palace was begun by James II. In the 16th century the Bethunes of Creich became hereditary keepers, the keepership passing by marriage to David Viscount Murray of Stormont who built a house on the site of the original castle early in the 17th century, long ago demolished; the keepership passed from the Murrays to
+
----
−
 
+
"A cluster of gems; difficult to categorise. Some say it is Gothic/Baronial/Palladian, others say Franco-Scottish with Italianate overtones. [...]<ref>[[Pride, Kingdom of Fife|Pride, ''Kingdom of Fife'']], page 85. The full entry continues to the end of page 86.</ref>
−
the Earl of Atholl during the Commonwealth; and thence to the Dukes of Atholl; acquired 1787 by Skene of Pitlour, and thence by marriage to the Moncrieffs of the Myres; in 1820 General George Moncrieff disposed of it to Professor John Bruce whose niece brought it to O Tyndall Bruce who repaired the much neglected south quarter and gatehouse in 1840; acquired from the Bruces 1887 by the 3rd Marquess of Bute: to Lord Ninian Crichton Stuart 1900, to Major Michael Crichton Stuart 1915;
+
----
−
 
+
"During the great witch-panic of 1597, James VI and the privy council convened at
−
National Trust Deputy Keeper 1952.
+
Falkland palace, where, among other things, on 12 August a general proclamation
−
==Previous uses==
+
was issued revoking some of the commissions of justiciary that had been granted
−
 
+
against suspected witches on the bogus evidence of another accused witch
−
==Special features==
+
Margaret Aitken, known as great witch of Balwearie, who claimed that she could
−
 
+
detect other witches just by looking at their eyes; she was found to be a fraud."<ref>National Trust for Scotland,[https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/ws-nts/Production/assets/downloads/Histories-of-the-Witch-Trials-report-National-Trust-for-Scotland-2021.pdf?mtime=20211215185705 ''Histories of the Witch Trials: The connections of NTS properties to Witch Trials, 1563&ndash;1736]'', page 27. (See Louise Yeoman, ‘[https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-50330147 The woman who stood up to a witch-hunt]’, for a popular and accessible piece on this unusual and fascinating trial.</ref> [...]
−
==Extensions==
 
  
−
==Former residents==
+
During the national panic of 1661-2, a few women from Falkland were accused as
 +
witches. These include Margaret Garvie, Barbara Honeyman and Margaret
 +
Dryburgh. Garvie and Honeyman were imprisoned after being accused of
 +
witchcraft in December 1661. They petitioned the privy council to be released
 +
from prison in January 1662. They did not confess to witchcraft, but they had been
 +
pricked by John Kincaid, who alleged to have found some marks upon them. Both
 +
Garvie and Honeyman denied any knowledge of the marks. Both claimed that, if
 +
released, they would cooperate if a trial was pursued against them. The privy
 +
council ordered the advocate and stewards of Fife to release them from prison
 +
upon this condition.<ref>''RPC'' (''Register of the Privy Council of Scotland''), 3rd series, vol. i (1908), 152. Quoted in the NTS article, page 28; see also R. Chambers, ''Domestic Annals of Scotland: From the Reformation to the Revolution'' 3 vols (Edinburgh, 1858–61), ii, 279.</ref> No record of a commission to hold a trial exists. However,
 +
a commission to hold a trial against Margaret Dryburgh was requested at the end
 +
of January. It stated in the request for a commission that Dryburgh had confessed
 +
sometime previously.<ref>''RPC'', 3rd series, vol. i (1908), 142-3. Quoted in the NTS article, page 28.</ref>
  
−
==Further references==
+
See also ''[http://www.shca.ed.ac.uk/witches/ The Survey of Scottish Witchcraft]'' by Julian Goodare, Lauren Martin, Joyce Miller and Louise Yeoman. The [https://witches.is.ed.ac.uk/ online map] lists five witches associated with Falkland 1661/1662, but Garvie/Carvie and Honeyman/Horniman may be the same people
  
 
==Notes==
 
==Notes==
 
<references />
 
<references />
−
==Gallery==
+
==Further images==
−
[Click on a picture to see the image full-size]
 
 
<gallery mode=packed>
 
<gallery mode=packed>
−
File:Falkland Palace 12.jpg|view from the High Street
 
 
File:Falkland Palace from the NW.jpg|View from the orchard
 
File:Falkland Palace from the NW.jpg|View from the orchard
 
File:Falkland Palace.jpg|View from the gardens
 
File:Falkland Palace.jpg|View from the gardens
 +
File:Palace drawing.jpg|Drawing by A.K.C from ''[[A Falkland Guide]]''
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
 +
[[Category:Category A listed buildings]]
 +
[[Category:Falkland Palace and gardens]]

Latest revision as of 07:12, 10 February 2024

Building summary
Falkland Palace 12.jpg View from the High Street
Name Falkland Palace
Address High Street, Falkland
Postcode KY15 7BY
Date 15th century
Architect John Kinross et al.
See maps Map T (1), Map D (32)
OS grid ref NO 25344 07454
Latitude & longitude 56°15'13"N 3°12'23"W
what3words ///revolts.templates.host
HES listing details[1]
Category: A
Reference LB8798 (as listed bulding; also SM854 as scheduled monument)
Date: 01/02/1972; amended 27/06/2017
Address/Site Name

South Range of Falkland Palace including adjoining gatehouse to west and Cross House within east range, and excluding scheduled monument SM854, Falkland Palace, Falkland

Description

The present palace was begun by James II. In the 16th century the Bethunes of Creich became hereditary keepers, the keepership passing by marriage to David Viscount Murray of Stormont who built a house on the site of the original castle early in the 17th century, long ago demolished; the keepership passed from the Murrays to the Earl of Atholl during the Commonwealth; and thence to the Dukes of Atholl; acquired 1787 by Skene of Pitlour, and thence by marriage to the Moncrieffs of the Myres; in 1820 General George Moncrieff disposed of it to Professor John Bruce whose niece brought it to O Tyndall Bruce who repaired the much neglected south quarter and gatehouse in 1840; acquired from the Bruces 1887 by the 3rd Marquess of Bute: to Lord Ninian Crichton Stuart 1900, to Major Michael Crichton Stuart 1915; National Trust Deputy Keeper 1952. [...]

Statement of special interest

Items 1-8 and 10-13 and 16B group with items 1-104 in Falkland Burgh. SCHEDULED MONUMENT. [...]


Falkland Palace is a former palace of the Kings and Queens of Scotland in Falkland High Street. Parts of the palace (the South Range and the Cross House) form a Category A listed Building. The remainder of the palace (excludng the Royal Stables and Real Tennis Court) constitutes a Scheduled Monument.

The Chapel Royal within the Palace is used on Sundays for Roman Catholic masses; a door in the wall, between the Palace and the gift shop, gives access for this purpose.

The Visitor Centre has a separate entrane facing the High Street.

This entry to be further expanded.

Cross House

The Cross House or Croce House (not to be confused with Cross House in Falkland High Street) adjoins the ruined East Range. It was built in 1529–92 and restored by John Kinross in the 1890s.[2]

"The cross-house's first-floor room was fitted up as the King's bedroom in 1956 by W. Schomberg Scott, the walls and ceiling painted (by David McClure) in a parody of early C17 work."[3]

Former residents

Further references

"C16 early Renaissance showpiece created by James IV and James VI. In 1723 John Macky thought its courtyard 'the beautifullest Piece of Architecture in Britain. [...]"[4]

"A cluster of gems; difficult to categorise. Some say it is Gothic/Baronial/Palladian, others say Franco-Scottish with Italianate overtones. [...][5]

"During the great witch-panic of 1597, James VI and the privy council convened at Falkland palace, where, among other things, on 12 August a general proclamation was issued revoking some of the commissions of justiciary that had been granted against suspected witches on the bogus evidence of another accused witch Margaret Aitken, known as great witch of Balwearie, who claimed that she could detect other witches just by looking at their eyes; she was found to be a fraud."[6] [...]

During the national panic of 1661-2, a few women from Falkland were accused as witches. These include Margaret Garvie, Barbara Honeyman and Margaret Dryburgh. Garvie and Honeyman were imprisoned after being accused of witchcraft in December 1661. They petitioned the privy council to be released from prison in January 1662. They did not confess to witchcraft, but they had been pricked by John Kincaid, who alleged to have found some marks upon them. Both Garvie and Honeyman denied any knowledge of the marks. Both claimed that, if released, they would cooperate if a trial was pursued against them. The privy council ordered the advocate and stewards of Fife to release them from prison upon this condition.[7] No record of a commission to hold a trial exists. However, a commission to hold a trial against Margaret Dryburgh was requested at the end of January. It stated in the request for a commission that Dryburgh had confessed sometime previously.[8]

See also The Survey of Scottish Witchcraft by Julian Goodare, Lauren Martin, Joyce Miller and Louise Yeoman. The online map lists five witches associated with Falkland 1661/1662, but Garvie/Carvie and Honeyman/Horniman may be the same people

Notes

  1. ↑ For the full listing description, see http://portal.historicenvironment.scot/designation/LB8798
  2. ↑ Gifford, Fife, page 215.
  3. ↑ Gifford, Fife, page 216.
  4. ↑ Gifford, Fife, page 212. The full entry continues for five more pages, including a second-floor plan.
  5. ↑ Pride, Kingdom of Fife, page 85. The full entry continues to the end of page 86.
  6. ↑ National Trust for Scotland,Histories of the Witch Trials: The connections of NTS properties to Witch Trials, 1563–1736, page 27. (See Louise Yeoman, ‘The woman who stood up to a witch-hunt’, for a popular and accessible piece on this unusual and fascinating trial.
  7. ↑ RPC (Register of the Privy Council of Scotland), 3rd series, vol. i (1908), 152. Quoted in the NTS article, page 28; see also R. Chambers, Domestic Annals of Scotland: From the Reformation to the Revolution 3 vols (Edinburgh, 1858–61), ii, 279.
  8. ↑ RPC, 3rd series, vol. i (1908), 142-3. Quoted in the NTS article, page 28.

Further images

  • View from the orchard

  • View from the gardens

  • Drawing by A.K.C from A Falkland Guide

Retrieved from "https://historicfalkland.scot/wiki/index.php?title=Falkland_Palace&oldid=7723"